Tag: Stats

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Career NBA Points

I’ve done some research on career NBA points leaders for an article I’ll post at the end of the season. But I wanted to point out a milestone LeBron James hit a couple of nights ago.

Here are the NBA leaders in points through each “Age x” Season:

Age    Player               Points
18     Kobe Bryant             539
19     Kobe Bryant            1759
20     LeBron James           3829
21     LeBron James           6307
22     LeBron James           8439
23     LeBron James          10689
24     LeBron James          12993
25     LeBron James          15251
26     LeBron James          17362
27     LeBron James          19045
28     LeBron James          21081
29     LeBron James          23170
30     LeBron James          24913
31     LeBron James          26833
32     LeBron James          28787
33     LeBron James          29492 (current season)
34     Kobe Bryant           31617
35     Kobe Bryant           31700 (Achilles injury)
36     Kobe Bryant           32482
37     Kobe Bryant           33643 (final season)
38     Kareem Abdul-Jabbar   35108
39     Kareem Abdul-Jabbar   36474
40     Kareem Abdul-Jabbar   37639
41     Kareem Abdul-Jabbar   38387

LeBron just passed Kobe (again) for the “Age 33” title. Kobe had 29484 points through his Age 33 season. Lebron now has the title for 14 consecutve seasons.

At the time he completed his seasons, Kobe held the title for every season he played – his Age 18 through Age 37 seasons. Remarkable. However, he’s been passed by players other than Lebron (just not by as much). He’s now as low as 5th: here’s the leaderboard for Age 23 season:

Player             Points
LeBron James        10689
Kevin Durant         9978
Carmelo Anthony      9264
Tracy McGrady        8542
Kobe Bryant          8197
...
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar  4957 (only his second season)

To date in his career, LeBron James has been the ideal combination of an early start, high productivity, and injury avoidance. He’s clearly “on pace” to break Kareem’s record, but Kareem’s late-career productivity is unparalleled. You know I’ll be watching.

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NU Football is at its Peak

Posted on insidenu.com:
https://www.insidenu.com/2017/11/28/16712264/nu-football-is-at-its-peak

With Saturday’s win against Illinois, we tied the program high for football wins in a four-year stretch:
Seasons    Wins    By Year
2014-17      31    5, 10, 7, 9
2009-12      31    8, 7, 6, 10
2012-15      30    10, 5, 5, 10
2008-11      30    9, 8, 7, 6
2007-10      30    6, 9, 8, 7
A year ago, I created a simple toy to give context on the state of the football program when answering a question like “What defines success this season?”

https://www.insidenu.com/2016/8/23/12618842/defining-success-for-northwesterns-2016-football-season

It’s a weighted moving average of wins (WMA Wins): 40% to the most recent season, then 30/20/10% to the seasons before that. (Caveat: Yes, there’s an advantage to today’s 12-game regular-season schedule, Remember, this is a simple toy.)

By the WMA Wins measure, which captures the current trend, we’re at an all-time high:
Seasons   WMA Wins
2014-17        8.2
2009-12        8.0
2007-10        7.6
2012-15        7.5
2006-09        7.5
1993-96        7.4

Win the bowl game and WMA Wins moves to 8.6. The football program is at its peak and the basketball program hit its peak last season (this season TBD). We have a new lakefront sports facility coming soon plus the basketball arena renovation. This is the best time to be an NU sports fan.

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LeBron Chasing .500

LeBron James is approaching a .500 career FG%. This is remarkable considering how far from .500 he was at one point in his career.

I have game-by-game data (not shot-by-shot). Let’s start with:

  • He was last above .500 after two career games (20 for 37). Warning: small sample size!
  • His lowest career shooting shooting % came through 20 career games (.3988)

Here’s how his career FG% has progressed game by game.

But I would not consider game 20 with a .399 FG% to be his career low point relative to shooting .500. Far from it! A 40% shooter through just 20 games is much closer to .500 than a 47% shooter through 500 games (on a similar volume of shots/game). Here’s how I measure how “close” a player is to a .500 shooting percentage. Look at each game by shots above/below .500 (e.g. 12 for 20 is two shots above .500; 6 for 17 is 2.5 shots below .500). I’ll call this “.500 FG% +/-” or simply “+/-” for short.

By this measure we can evaluate each game:

  • Best game: +6 (13 for 14 in career game 734)
  • Worst game: -7 (3 for 20 in career game 140)

We can also measure how far above or below .500 a player is by +/- after each game. While LeBron was at his lowest career shooting percentage through 20 games, his +/- was only -32.5 at that point. He’d need to make 65 consecutive shots to get back to .500. When we look at his cumulative career +/- after each game, we find:

  • Highest career +/-: +2 (after game 1 – warning small sample size!)
  • Lowest career +/-: -309 (after game 591)

At that point, he needed to make 618 consecutive shots to get to .500. That’s much further away than 65 shots! I doubt any NBA player has ever dug out of such a big hole to become a .500 FG% shooter. (This could be a fun study for folks with the data – I’m looking at you STATS guys…)

Take a look at each season and his career +/- at the end of each season:

                            Career  Career
Season FGM  FGA  FG%  +/-     FG%     +/-
03-04  622 1492 .417 -124    .417    -124
04-05  795 1684 .472 - 47    .446    -171
05-06  875 1823 .480 - 36.5  .458    -207.5
06-07  772 1621 .476 - 38.5  .463    -246
07-08  794 1642 .484 - 27    .467    -273
08-09  789 1613 .489 - 17.5  .471    -290.5
09-10  768 1528 .503 +  4    .475    -286.5
10-11  758 1485 .510 + 15.5  .479    -271
11-12  621 1169 .531 + 36.5  .483    -234.5
12-13  765 1354 .565 + 88    .490    -146.5
13-14  767 1353 .567 + 90.5  .497    - 56
14-15  624 1279 .488 - 15.5  .496    - 71.5
15-16  737 1416 .520 + 29    .498    - 42.5
16-17  462  868 .532 + 28    .499    - 14.5

Though it looks like the low point of -309 came in 08-09 or 09-10, it actually came after a 7-24 performance in the 43rd game of 10-11 season. He was much better in the second half of that season.

Here’s how his career FG .500 +/- has progressed game by game.

First of all, the turnaround after the low point during the 10-11 season is really dramatic. Lebron was remarkably efficient over the next three and a half seasons.

After 13-14, it looked like he’d get to .500 in the second half of 14-15. But with a new team, new coach and new teammates, LeBron took a step back in 14-15. At that point, I figured he’d never make it; the aging process means his shooting efficiency is bound to fall off at some point. But he got back on the plus side of the ledger in 15-16, and has been even better so far in 16-17.

He is currently the closest he’s been to .500 by +/- since career game 13 (-12). He’s -14.5 with a career mark of .4993. With 8 consecutive makes he’ll move above .4995 which rounds to .500. But he needs 29 consecutive makes to truly get to .500.

How long will it take? Well, he’s made up 14.5 shots in just his last 9 games going a torrid 94 for 159. It certainly looks like he’ll get there before the end of the season.

UPDATE: LeBron finished the 16-17 season as a career .501 shooter. Here are the numbers through the end of the season:

UPDATE: LeBron finished the 17-18 season as a career .504 shooter.

                              Career  Career
Season   FGM  FGA  FG%  +/-     FG%     +/-
03-04    622  1492 .417 -124    .417    -124
04-05    795  1684 .472 - 47    .446    -171
05-06    875  1823 .480 - 36.5  .458    -207.5
06-07    772  1621 .476 - 38.5  .463    -246
07-08    794  1642 .484 - 27    .467    -273
08-09    789  1613 .489 - 17.5  .471    -290.5
09-10    768  1528 .503 +  4    .475    -286.5
10-11    758  1485 .510 + 15.5  .479    -271
11-12    621  1169 .531 + 36.5  .483    -234.5
12-13    765  1354 .565 + 88    .490    -146.5
13-14    767  1353 .567 + 90.5  .497    - 56
14-15    624  1279 .488 - 15.5  .496    - 71.5
15-16    737  1416 .520 + 29    .498    - 42.5
16-17    736  1344 .548 + 64    .501    + 22.5
17-18    857  1580 .542 + 67    .504    + 89.5
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Defining “success” for Northwestern’s 2016 football season

Posted on insidenu.com:
https://www.insidenu.com/2016/8/23/12618842/defining-success-for-northwesterns-2016-football-season

This expands a bit on a comment I made on the “Wildcat Shootaround: What would you consider a successful season for Northwestern?” post.

Heading into last season, would anyone have thought 10 wins wasn’t a successful season? Yet some of the definitions of success for this season would deem last year unsuccessful. Right off the bat, Zach gives three criteria, and last year met NONE of them.

(Zach’s criteria were: “First, beat Iowa. Second, have no blowout losses. Third, win a bowl game.”)

Success is highly contextual. I graduated in 1994. A winning season back then would have been wildly successful. Three wins in some years felt like a success.

How do we create some context to define success? I built a simple model. I defined success as wins for the season (with no regard for margin of victory, number of games played, strength of schedule, etc). I used a 4-year weighted moving average (40/30/20/10) to give the over/under each season for wins needed to define success (Success Wins). Why four years? It’s the playing length of a standard college career; with a few exceptions, a roster turns over every four years.

I expanded the data set to go back to the start of the Ara Parseghian era; this correlates pretty closely to the formation of the Big Ten.

Season Coach Record Success Wins Success? +/-
1956 Ara Parseghian 4-4-1 1.4 yes 2.6
1957 Ara Parseghian 0-9 2.3 no -2.3
1958 Ara Parseghian 5-4 1.4 yes 3.6
1959 Ara Parseghian 6-3 2.8 yes 3.2
1960 Ara Parseghian 5-4 4.3 yes 0.7
1961 Ara Parseghian 4-5 4.8 no -0.8
1962 Ara Parseghian 7-2 4.8 yes 2.2
1963 Ara Parseghian 5-4 5.6 no -0.6
1964 Alex Agase 3-6 5.4 no -2.4
1965 Alex Agase 4-6 4.5 no -0.5
1966 Alex Agase 3-6-1 4.2 no -1.2
1967 Alex Agase 3-7 3.5 no -0.5
1968 Alex Agase 1-9 3.2 no -2.2
1969 Alex Agase 3-7 2.3 yes 0.7
1970 Alex Agase 6-4 2.4 yes 3.6
1971 Alex Agase 7-4 3.8 yes 3.2
1972 Alex Agase 2-9 5.3 no -3.3
1973 John Pont 4-7 4.4 no -0.4
1974 John Pont 3-8 4.2 no -1.2
1975 John Pont 3-8 3.5 no -0.5
1976 John Pont 1-10 3.1 no -2.1
1977 John Pont 1-10 2.3 no -1.3
1978 Rick Venturi 0-10-1 1.6 no -1.6
1979 Rick Venturi 1-10 0.8 yes 0.2
1980 Rick Venturi 0-11 0.7 no -0.7
1981 Dennis Green 0-11 0.4 no -0.4
1982 Dennis Green 3-8 0.2 yes 2.8
1983 Dennis Green 2-9 1.3 yes 0.7
1984 Dennis Green 2-9 1.7 yes 0.3
1985 Dennis Green 3-8 2 yes 1
1986 Francis Peay 4-7 2.5 yes 1.5
1987 Francis Peay 2-8-1 3.1 no -1.1
1988 Francis Peay 2-8-1 2.8 no -0.8
1989 Francis Peay 0-11 2.5 no -2.5
1990 Francis Peay 2-9 1.4 yes 0.6
1991 Francis Peay 3-8 1.4 yes 1.6
1992 Gary Barnett 3-8 2 yes 1
1993 Gary Barnett 2-9 2.5 no -0.5
1994 Gary Barnett 3-7-1 2.5 yes 0.5
1995 Gary Barnett 10-2 2.7 yes 7.3
1996 Gary Barnett 9-3 5.6 yes 3.4
1997 Gary Barnett 5-7 7.4 no -2.4
1998 Gary Barnett 3-9 7 no -4
1999 Randy Walker 3-8 5.5 no -2.5
2000 Randy Walker 8-4 4 yes 4
2001 Randy Walker 4-7 5.2 no -1.2
2002 Randy Walker 3-9 4.9 no -1.9
2003 Randy Walker 6-7 4.3 yes 1.7
2004 Randy Walker 6-6 4.9 yes 1.1
2005 Randy Walker 7-5 5.2 yes 1.8
2006 Pat Fitzgerald 4-8 6.1 no -2.1
2007 Pat Fitzgerald 6-6 5.5 yes 0.5
2008 Pat Fitzgerald 9-4 5.6 yes 3.4
2009 Pat Fitzgerald 8-5 6.9 yes 1.1
2010 Pat Fitzgerald 7-6 7.5 no -0.5
2011 Pat Fitzgerald 6-7 7.6 no -1.6
2012 Pat Fitzgerald 10-3 7 yes 3
2013 Pat Fitzgerald 5-7 8 no -3
2014 Pat Fitzgerald 5-7 6.9 no -1.9
2015 Pat Fitzgerald 10-3 6.1 yes 3.9
2016 Pat Fitzgerald 7.5

You get a successful season about half the time. I’m OK with that, though I’d guess some people think that’s too easy a hurdle to clear. But to me it means we’re moving in an overall positive direction, and that’s successful.

The Success Wins for 2016 is 7.5. Seems about right for where we are right now. For the 2016 season, 8 wins = success.

Interesting to note that NU’s high-water mark for Success Wins came after the 2012 season at 8.0. If we win 8 games this year, next year’s mark would be 7.7. But if we win 9 games, it moves to 8.1. We are at or near the peak of the program.

We’re not talking about the low-water mark.

What are our most successful seasons? Here are the top 10.

Season Coach Record Success Wins +/- Rank
1995 Gary Barnett 10-2 2.7 7.3 1
2000 Randy Walker 8-4 4 4 2
2015 Pat Fitzgerald 10-3 6.1 3.9 3
1958 Ara Parseghian 5-4 1.4 3.6 4
1970 Alex Agase 6-4 2.4 3.6 4
1996 Gary Barnett 9-3 5.6 3.4 6
2008 Pat Fitzgerald 9-4 5.6 3.4 6
1959 Ara Parseghian 6-3 2.8 3.2 8
1971 Alex Agase 7-4 3.8 3.2 8
2012 Pat Fitzgerald 10-3 7 3 10

Our 1995 season may well be the all-time college football most “successful” season by this metric. Feel free to leave a comment with any outlier seasons you can think of for other teams and we’ll see how they compare. Pat Fitzgerald has three of Northwestern’s top 10 seasons since 1956.

We can use this to rank coaches too. What Success Win level did they inherit, and what Success Win level did they leave?

Coach Seasons Start End +/- Rank
Ara Parseghian 1956-63 1.4 5.4 4 1
Gary Barnett 1992-98 2 5.5 3.5 2
Dennis Green 1981-85 0.7 2.5 1.8 3
Pat Fitzgerald 2006- 6.1 7.5 1.4 4
Randy Walker 1999-2005 5.5 6.1 0.6 5
Francis Peay 1986-90 2.5 2 -0.5 6
Rick Venturi 1978-80 1.6 0.7 -0.9 7
Alex Agase 1964-72 5.4 4.4 -1 8
John Pont 1973-77 4.4 1.6 -2.8 9

I don’t think anyone would put Dennis Green that high, but given the context of what he inherited, it makes some sense. It gives a lot of credit to Barnett (as it should!) for turning things around and taking us up a few levels. Randy Walker moved it up a bit more, and Pat Fitzgerald has taken the program to its highest point yet. If you ranked coaches by the absolute (not relative) level they achieved, Fitzgerald is #1.

I did notice that after the 2014 season, we were at 6.1, exactly what Fitzgerald inherited. There was a segment of the fan base (at least one person!) who felt we were stuck. Then 2015 got us moving back in a positive direction.

How does this look for B1G play? Our Success Conference Wins for 2016 is 4.0, though that’s based on an 8-game slate. That’s a .500 win percentage for 8 games, so we can convert that to 4.5 wins for the 9-game 2016 slate.

How does every team in the Big Ten look?

Team 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Rank
Ohio State 12 12 14 12 12.6 1
Michigan State 7 13 11 12 11.4 2
Wisconsin 8 9 11 10 9.9 3
Iowa 4 8 7 12 8.9 4
Nebraska 10 9 9 6 7.9 5
Michigan 8 7 5 10 7.7 6
Northwestern 10 5 5 10 7.5 7
Penn State 8 7 7 7 7.1 8
Minnesota 6 8 8 6 7 9
Rutgers 9 6 8 4 6.1 10
Maryland 4 7 7 3 5.1 11
Indiana 4 5 4 6 5 12
Illinois 2 4 6 5 4.8 13
Purdue 6 1 3 2 2.5 14

Wow, Ohio State. Just win 13 games to be successful! Or, anything short of the playoff is not a successful season. That’s crazy. Michigan seems low, but my model doesn’t know that they hired Jim Harbaugh to replace Brady Hoke. Wisconsin seems high. LOL Illinois. Northwestern’s above average! Seems reasonable for where we are at this point.

TL;DR Success for the 2016 Northwestern football season is 8+ total wins, 5+ conference wins. With 9 wins, the program will be at its best level ever. THE MODEL HAS SPOKEN.